What is Computer Network? Write its advantages and disadvantages. What are the services of Network?

Computer Networking

What is Computer Networking?

A Computer Network is a collection of devices connected to each other through transmission media for the purpose of data sharing, communication, and resource utilization. Devices in a network can be connected either via wired (cables) or wireless connections (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.).

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Advantages of Networking

Computer networking provides various benefits, including:

1. Efficient Management – Computers, staff, and information can be centrally managed.
2. Data Access & Sharing – Networks facilitate easy data exchange and access between multiple devices.
3. Resource Sharing – Hardware devices like printers and storage can be shared, reducing costs.
4. Data Backup – Networks provide options for centralized backups, ensuring data security.
5. Flexible Working – Employees can work remotely using office computers through network access.

Additional Advantages:

• Sharing devices (e.g., printers) reduces expenses.
• Software licenses for networks are cheaper than multiple standalone licenses.
• Users can communicate via email and instant messaging.
• Better security, as users cannot access each other’s files directly.
• Data backup is simplified since all files are stored on a file server.

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Disadvantages of Networking

Despite its advantages, networking also comes with some drawbacks:

1. High Costs – Setting up a network requires expensive hardware and software.
2. Complex Management – Large networks require specialized skills for maintenance and troubleshooting.
3. Isolation Risk – If the main server fails, connected computers may become isolated.
4. Virus Spread – Malware can quickly spread across connected devices.
5. Security Threats – Hackers can exploit network vulnerabilities without proper security measures.

Alternative Disadvantages Format:

• Purchasing network equipment (cabling, servers) is costly.
• Managing a large network is complex and requires trained personnel.
• If the file server crashes, network users may lose access to files.
• Viruses can spread easily across the network.
• Hacking risks increase, especially in Wide Area Networks (WANs), requiring firewalls and security protocols.

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Network Services

Computer networks provide various essential services:

1. File Services – Enables file transfer, storage, synchronization, and backup.
2. Printing Services – Allows multiple users to share high-quality printing devices.
3. Messaging Services – Supports email, voicemail, and messaging applications.
4. Application Services – Centralizes software applications for better performance and scalability.
5. Database Services – Manages distributed data, replication, and storage.